The Effect of Motivation and Other Factors on Midwive Performance of Preeclampsia Management in Malang, East Java

Abstract

Background: The incidence of preeclampsia, the precursor to eclampsia, varies greatly worldwide. WHO estimates the incidence of preeclampsia to be seven times higher in developing countries (2.8% of live births) than in developed countries (0.4%). Preeclampsia and eclampsia remain a major cause (31.04%) of maternal mortality in East Java. It is essential to early detect preeclampsia in order to prevent mortality. Good performance of midwives in the management of preeclampsia may reduce maternal mortality attributable to eclampsia. It is hypothesized that motivation, leadership style, working atmosphere, insentive, skill, and training, all have impact on midwives performance. This study aimed to analyze the effects of motivation and other factorson midwives performance in preeclampsia managementin Malang, East Java, using path analysis model. Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross sectional design. The study was conducted in Community Helath Centers, Malang, East Java in September 2017. A total sample of 161 midwives were selected using total sampling technique. The endogenous variables were motivation and midwives performance. The exogenous variables were insentive, working atmosphere, leadership style, skill and training. The data were collected using a set of questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis. Results: Midwife performance were positively affected by working atmosphere (b= 0.11; SE= 0.04; p= 0.004), leadership style (b= 0.06; SE= 0.02; p= 0.004), skill (b= 0.24; SE= 0.03, p< 0.001), and motivation (b= 0.68; SE= 0.03; p< 0.001). Motivation was positively afected by insentive (b= 0.25; SE= 0.09, p= 0.006), training (b= 0.89; SE= 0.28; p= 0.001), skill (b= 0.39; SE= 0.06; p< 0.001), leadership style (b= 0.08; SE= 0.05; p= 0.110), and working atmosphere(b= 0.35; SE= 0.09; p< 0.001). Conclusion: Midwives performance are positively affected by working condition, leadership, skill, and motivation. Keywords: preeclampsia, path analysis, motivation, midwives performance