Abstract
Wastewater treatment is a priority, as most of this is discharged into rivers, lakes, seas, and soil. Since there is no treatment facility in Martnez de la Torre, Veracruz, these fluids are released straight into the Filobobos River without treatment. Hence, the Moringa oleifera seed was evaluated as a primary treatment. In this study using wastewater from a direct discharge, pH, turbidity, total suspended solids, and conductivity were determined as control measures. In the jar test, the treatments were carried out using different amounts of coagulant salts (aluminum and iron sulfate) and moringa powder; starting the agitation at 120 rpm for 5 minutes and immediately it was reduced to 60 rpm in 10 minutes with a rest time of 1 hour. After that, the quality parameters were analyzed. The moringa coagulant achieved an average maximum reduction of 71.84 per cent and 89.36 per cent in turbidity and Total Suspended Solids, respectively, which was higher than the salts used. Furthermore, its application had no effect on pH and conductivity parameters, and the coagulant based on Moringa oleifera as a primary treatment agent, since these qualities do not alter and post-treatment is not required, as in the case with salts.
Highlights
Research into better processes and the elimination of contaminants that impair water quality is of the utmost importance; one of these processes is the improvement in coagulation, using natural agents which can reduce the process and the cost of operation
The need to detoxify effluents is becoming increasingly essential, necessitating the search for innovative solutions based on research into various water treatment methods that enable improved quality and adequate protection of water resources
The advantages of using natural methods for the treatment of domestic wastewater are: the implementation of relatively simple technology, low operating and investment costs, low energy consumption, the treatment process can be adapted quickly, achieving a high level of performance after the start of operations, and high nutrient removal (Rozkosný et al 2014) since they possess a complex chemical structure, which generally consists of various types of polysaccharides and proteins
Summary
Water is the most significant resource in this study and our daily lives, and its availability is decreasing as a result of physical, chemical, and/or biological contamination, which degrades quality and has an impact on health, social, technical, and economic development. Research into better processes and the elimination of contaminants that impair water quality is of the utmost importance; one of these processes is the improvement in coagulation, using natural agents which can reduce the process and the cost of operation. The need to detoxify effluents is becoming increasingly essential, necessitating the search for innovative solutions based on research into various water treatment methods that enable improved quality and adequate protection of water resources. The advantages of using natural methods for the treatment of domestic wastewater are: the implementation of relatively simple technology, low operating and investment costs, low energy consumption, the treatment process can be adapted quickly, achieving a high level of performance after the start of operations, and high nutrient removal (Rozkosný et al 2014) since they possess a complex chemical structure, which generally consists of various types of polysaccharides and proteins.
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