Abstract
The problems faced are aluminium (Al) waste from industries that damage the environment and scarcity of Al raw materials that need to be recycled from used Al. The research objective was to determine the effect of adding magnesium (Mg) to used Al casting on the tensile strength and microstructure and to determine the comparison of the tensile strength of the Al material used by the piston to the brake lining and drum of motorcycles. The research method includes casting Al used pistons, brake lining and drum, testing the tensile strength and microstructure due to the addition of 0.1; 0.2; 0.5 and 1.0% by weight Mg to the tensile strength and microstructure. The results showed that the addition of Mg 0.5% by weight could increase the tensile strength of 92.96% from 71 MPa to 137 MPa for brake lining as the optimum value which further decreased the tensile strength by 19.7% at the addition of 1% Mg to 110 MPa. Drum material also experienced an increase in tensile strength of 33.71% from 89 MPa to 119 MPa as the optimum value where the tensile strength decreased by 5.88% for the addition of 1% Mg to 112 MPa. The two values of the tensile strength of the brake lining and drum components are lower than those of the piston component valued at 147 MPa, and with the addition of Mg, Mg2Si is formed which can reduce the porosity of the microstructure, thereby increasing its strength.
Highlights
The increasing use of Al in the industrial sector results in its waste having a bad impact on the environment, so it is necessary to do recycling to tackle Al waste, scarcity of raw materials, and save more natural resources
2.1 Aluminum Casting The stages of casting carried out on the tensile test specimen are as follows: 1) Preparation of equipment for melting furnaces, LPG fuel, moulds, and Al materials from pistons, brake linings and drum of motorcycle, 2) Put the used Al and Mg materials into the furnace when they reach a temperature of 660 °C. 3) Pouring Aluminum liquid at a pouring temperature of 720 °C into the prepared specimen mould, 4) Remove the specimen from the mould, 5) Finishing each cast according to the standard dimensions of the specimen, and 6) Coding on all specimens
The brake lining rises to 114 HV, close to the hardness of the piston, while in the drum material it increases to 120 HV, which exceeds the hardness value of the piston which is possible because Mg has reached 0.7% and the Cr content is higher than the piston and brake lining
Summary
The increasing use of Al in the industrial sector results in its waste having a bad impact on the environment, so it is necessary to do recycling to tackle Al waste, scarcity of raw materials, and save more natural resources. Several related studies have been conducted to determine the effect of chemical elements on the physical properties of aluminum and its microstructure. The use of recycled aluminum can save at least 5% of the energy required for primary aluminum production, and high-quality casting depends on chemical elements, both on the quality of the melt and the casting process [1]. High Pressure Die Casting (HPDC) on waste aluminum with the addition of 0, 2, and 3% weight of Mg elements produces a microstructure with Mg2Si precipitates which indicates porosity in the chassis product [5]. The addition of Mg to the used Al-Si alloy wheels cast by the lost foam casting (LFC) method affects the microstructure to be evenly distributed and the formation of Mg2Si intermetallic compounds which improve its mechanical
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