The effect of meteorological conditions and nitrogen fertilizers on biological productivity of the spring triticale variety ‘Timiryazevskaya 42’

Abstract

The current paper has presented the study of the effect of different doses and terms of top-dressing with nitrogen fertilizers, in the form of ammonium nitrate, on the growth, development and biological productivity of the new spring triticale variety ‘Timiryazevskaya 42’. The study was carried out in 2015–2018 in the field trial laid down at the Field Experimental Station of the RSAU-Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev (Moscow). It was identified that, depending on the weather conditions of the vegetation period, different doses of nitrogen fertilizers at different times had a different degree of positive effect on the indicators of the variety yield elements. When applying top-dressing, the variety ‘Timiryazevskaya 42’ showed high potential of its biological productivity, which reached 15.6 t/ha under optimal conditions. There has been established a high correlation between CHF (coefficient of head filling) and biological productivity (r = 0.97), which allows predicting in the middle of the vegetation period which variant of the trial will give the highest productivity. The biological productivity of the studied variety has been most influenced by productive tillering (r = 0.80), number and weight of grain per head (r = 0.71; r = 0.66, respectively), and there was a slight effect of 1000 grain weight (r = 0.64). The value of correlation between ‘length of head’ and biological productivity ranged from 0.54 in 2016 to 0.98 in 2018 for different variants of the trial, which indicated a strong effect of different meteorological conditions of the variety cultivation on the change of length of its head.