The effect of maternal chromium status on lipid metabolism in female elderly mice offspring and involved molecular mechanism.

Qian Zhang,Zhixin Wang,Xinhua Xiao,Fan Ping,Xiaofang Sun,Ming Li,Tong Wang,Jia Zheng,Xiaojing Wang,Cuijuan Qi,Miao Yu

doi:10.1042/bsr20160362

Abstract

Maternal malnutrition leads to the incidence of metabolic diseases in offspring. The purpose of this project was to examine whether maternal low chromium could disturb normal lipid metabolism in offspring, altering adipose cell differentiation and leading to the incidence of lipid metabolism diseases, including metabolic syndrome and obesity. Female C57BL mice were given a control diet (CD) or a low chromium diet (LCD) during the gestational and lactation periods. After weaning, offspring was fed with CD or LCD. The female offspring were assessed at 32 weeks of age. Fresh adipose samples from CD–CD group and LCD–CD group were collected. Genome mRNA were analysed using Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Gene 2.0 ST Whole Transcript-based array. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analysed based on gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis database. Maternal low chromium irreversibly increased offspring body weight, fat-pad weight, serum triglyceride (TG) and TNF-α. Eighty five genes increased and 109 genes reduced in the offspring adipose of the maternal low chromium group. According to KEGG pathway and String analyses, the PPAR signalling pathway may be the key controlled pathway related to the effect of maternal low chromium on female offspring. Maternal chromium status have long-term effects of lipid metabolism in female mice offspring. Normalizing offspring diet can not reverse these effects. The potential underlying mechanisms are the disturbance of the PPAR signalling pathway in adipose tissue.

Highlights

More and more studies in humans reveal that undernutrition in utero leads to the reduction in birth weight [1], long-term modification in metabolic status [2] and is considered as a risk factor for obesity [3,4]
Effect of low chromium diet (LCD) on body weight and serum chromium concentration in dams Serum chromium was lower in LCD (0.45 +− 0.09 ng/ml) than in control diet (CD) (0.89 +− 0.22 ng/ml) mice (P
The serum chromium level in the LCD–CD group was corrected to normal (Figure 2a)

Summary

Introduction

More and more studies in humans reveal that undernutrition in utero leads to the reduction in birth weight [1], long-term modification in metabolic status [2] and is considered as a risk factor for obesity [3,4]. Chromium (Cr(III)) is considered as important nutrient in keeping normal lipid metabolism, balancing appetite, inhibiting fat mass and elevating lean body mass [6]. The suggested minimum daily intake of chromium is 30 μg. Pregnant women and elderly c 2017 The Author(s).

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