Abstract
Pain is an unpleasant sensation and involved a complex sensory response due to tissue damage. Currently, one of the chemical mediators increasingly being recognized is substance P and it has as a major role as a biomarker in the onset of pain and inflammation. Nowadays, the physical therapy including massage and spinal manipulation has beneficial effect on pain reduction. This study was aimed to review the available evidence about the effectiveness of massage and spinal manipulation on substance P. Online search using databases (Ovid™, Science Direct, Scopus, EMBASE, and PubMed) was performed using keywords “substance P”, “massage” and “spinal manipulation”. Two experimental studies and one review explored about the effect of massage on substance P were found. Furthermore, we analyzed two studies studying the effect of spinal manipulation on substance P level. Four studies have shown that massage can reduce the substance P level after massage and spinal manipulation whereas one study has revealed that the substance P remained unchanged after spinal manipulation treatment.
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