The effect of mangrove leaf (Rhizophora apiculata) based diet and fermented tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) on the metabolite status of kacang goats

Abstract

Mangrove leaves are coastal plants that can be utilized as livestock feed. To enhance their nutritional content and shelf life, appropriate technologies such as hay production are employed. Fermented Tithonia is used as a protein source in the diet of Kacang goats. This study aimed to optimize the performance of Kacang goats through a combination of mangrove leaf hay and fermented Tithonia. The formulation was designed to minimize the use of concentrates in the diet. A total of 16 male Kacang goats, aged 1 year, the following were used in this research. A Replicated Complete Goup Design was employed, with four diet treatments and four groups based on goats weight. The treatments consisted of : (T1; 35% mangrove leaf + 5% Tithonia diversifolia + 60% Concentrate, T2; 30% mangrove leaf + 10% Tithonia diversifolia + 60% concentrate, T3; 25% mangrove leaf + 15% Tithonia diversifolia + 60% Concentrate, T4; 20% mangrove leaf + 20% Tithonia diversifolia + 60% Concentrate). Parameters measured included blood cholesterol, High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL). Results indicated that treatment P4 provided the best blood metabolite profile, with a cholesterol value of 61.95 mg/dl, HDL value of 54.27 mg/dl, and LDL value of 32.44 mg/dl. This proves that treatment T4 combination of 20% mangrove leaves, 20% Tithonia and 60% concentrate produces low cholesterol kacang goats that are good for human consumption.