The effect of mangiferin on skin: Penetration, permeation and inhibition of ECM enzymes.

Renata Ochocka,Justyna Stefanowicz-Hajduk,Anna Hering,Krzysztof Cal,Helena Barańska,Hélder A Santos

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0181542

Renata Ochocka, Justyna Stefanowicz-Hajduk + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0181542

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Journal: PloS one	Publication Date: Jul 27, 2017
Citations: 42	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Gdańsk Medical University

Abstract

Mangiferin (2-C-β-D-glucopyranosyl-1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone) is a polyphenol with strong antioxidant properties. Mangiferin is obtained from the mango tree (Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae). It has been proven that mangiferin exhibits many pharmacological activities. The aim of this study was to analyze the penetration of mangiferin into the human skin and through the skin. According to our knowledge, skin penetration and permeation studies of mangiferin have not been analyzed so far. Additionally, the influence of mangiferin on two Extracellular Matrix Enzymes (ECM): collagenase and elastase, was evaluated for the first time. It has been indicated that mangiferin is able to permeate the stratum corneum and penetrate into the epidermis and dermis in comparable amounts. For confirmation of the obtained results, fluorescence microscopy was successfully utilized. The analysis revealed the capability of mangiferin to reversibly inhibit elastase and collagenase activity. The mechanism of mangiferin interaction with both enzymes was estimated as a noncompetitive inhibition.

Highlights

The skin is the first barrier and the biggest organ in the human body
After the penetrants were removed from the skin, the stratum corneum was separated by tape-stripping method, using 30 fragments of an adhesive tape
In order to quantify the penetration of mangiferin into the skin and through the skin, HPLC analysis with electrochemical detection was used

Summary

Introduction

The skin is the first barrier and the biggest organ in the human body. During the natural process of ageing, the skin is the most sensitive barrier due to the influence of internal as well as external ageing. Natural (e.g. stratum corneum, melanin) and cosmetic barriers are not sufficient to protect living skin layers. Many ECM (Extracellular Matrix Enzymes) responsible for the degradation of skin macromolecules are activated [1,2]. This reduces the skin barrier and leads to skin dysfunction. The skin ageing process takes place more rapidly [3]

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