Abstract
BackgroundLysophosphatidic acid-supplemented culture medium significantly increases the oocyte maturation rate in vitro. However, potential targets and pathways involved remain unknown.MethodsA total of 43 women, who underwent cesarean section and aged between 18 and 35 years with good health, were included in this study. Immature oocytes were obtained and cultured with 10 µM lysophosphatidic acid. After culture, oocyte maturation was assessed and oocytes and cumulus cells were collected for RNA sequencing. Hierarchical indexing for spliced alignment of transcripts 2 method was used to align clean reads to the human genome. The featureCounts and edgeR package were used to calculate gene expression and analyze differences between groups respectively. ClusterProfiler program was used to perform Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis.ResultsOocyte maturation rate increased significantly following 48 h culture with lysophosphatidic acid. In cumulus cells, Gene Ontology analysis revealed the top 20 items enriched by upregulated genes and downregulated genes respectively; Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that upregulated genes in the treatment group were enriched in TNF signaling and insulin secretion pathways and downregulated genes were enriched in TNF signaling and cell adhesion molecules. In oocytes, Gene Ontology analysis revealed the top 20 items enriched by upregulated genes and downregulated genes respectively; Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that upregulated genes in the treatment group were enriched in MAPK signaling, gap junction, and cell cycle pathways and downregulated genes were enriched in MAPK signaling, estrogen signaling, RAP1 signaling, and gap junction pathways.ConclusionsLysophosphatidic acid in culture medium enhances human oocyte maturation in vitro and the identified some potential pathways may associate with oocyte maturation.
Highlights
The source of oocytes is the key issue for assisted reproductive technologies [1]
We investigated the effect of Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in the culture medium on human immature oocyte, and the expression profiles of cumulus cells (CCs) and oocytes
In the CCs, 259 genes were upregulated and 237 genes were downregulated in the LPA treatment group compared to the control group
Summary
The source of oocytes is the key issue for assisted reproductive technologies [1]. Women are given ovarian stimulation to retrieve mature oocytes [2]. Mild ovarian stimulation protocols are promoted for safety and their efficiency in developing assisted reproductive technologies [3]. One option to avoid ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome is to retrieve immature oocytes followed by in vitro maturation (IVM) [4]. Several thousands of healthy babies have been born following IVM for women who were infertile with polycystic ovary syndrome [5]. IVM may play an important role in fertility preservation for women before cancer treatment, because cell toxic cancer treatments may cause the loss ovarian function [6].
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