The Effect of Lycopene Preexposure on UV-B-Irradiated Human Keratinocytes.

Andreia Ascenso,José Miguel P. Ferreira de Oliveira,Sandra Simões,Helena Oliveira,Helena Cabral Marques,Tiago Pedrosa,Francisco Pinho,Sónia Pinho,Conceição Santos

doi:10.1155/2016/8214631

Andreia Ascenso, José Miguel P. Ferreira de Oliveira + Show 7 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8214631

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Abstract

Lycopene has been reported as the antioxidant most quickly depleted in skin upon UV irradiation, and thus it might play a protective role. Our goal was to investigate the effects of preexposure to lycopene on UV-B-irradiated skin cells. Cells were exposed for 24 h to 10 M lycopene, and subsequently irradiated and left to recover for another 24 h period. Thereafter, several parameters were analyzed by FCM and RT-PCR: genotoxicity/clastogenicity by assessing the cell cycle distribution; apoptosis by performing the Annexin-V assay and analyzing gene expression of apoptosis biomarkers; and oxidative stress by ROS quantification. Lycopene did not significantly affect the profile of apoptotic, necrotic and viable cells in nonirradiated cells neither showed cytostatic effects. However, irradiated cells previously treated with lycopene showed an increase in both dead and viable subpopulations compared to nonexposed irradiated cells. In irradiated cells, lycopene preexposure resulted in overexpression of BAX gene compared to nonexposed irradiated cells. This was accompanied by a cell cycle delay at S-phase transition and consequent decrease of cells in G0/G1 phase. Thus, lycopene seems to play a corrective role in irradiated cells depending on the level of photodamage. Thus, our findings may have implications for the management of skin cancer.

Highlights

Human skin is constantly exposed to the UV irradiation that may induce a number of pathobiological cellular changes
HaCaT cell growth and confluence under normal culture conditions until 120 h are represented on Figure 2(a)
As it can be observed, the exponential phase extends until approximately 72 h and the full confluence can be maintained more than 1 week

Summary

Introduction

Human skin is constantly exposed to the UV irradiation that may induce a number of pathobiological cellular changes. Skin has a variety of enzymatic and small molecular antioxidants that can inhibit oxidative damage. The excessive ROS production often exceeds the skin antioxidant ability [4]. In this regard, emphasis on developing novel preventive and therapeutic strategies based on phytocompounds capable of ameliorating the adverse effects of ROS has become an important area of research. Two types of chemopreventive agents could be useful for the management of skin cancer. The agents that could inhibit the damage caused by UVR may prevent the formation of initiated cells (cells with cancerous potential). The agents that could eliminate the initiated cells may reduce the risk of skin cancer [5]

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