The Effect of Listening to Music Presurgery on the Anxiety Level of Individuals who are Planned for Urological Surgery: Randomized Controlled Study

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effects of listening to music on preoperative anxiety levels in individuals planned for urological surgery. The study was a pretest-post-test randomized controlled study. This research was conducted with 80 (intervention=40, control=40) individuals who applied to the urology clinic of a university hospital between September 2021 and February 2022 with surgery planned. The data were collected via the information form, state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI= STAI-S: state anxiety, STAI-T: trait anxiety), anxiety specific to surgery questionnaire (ASSQ). The mean STAI-S scores for the pretest and post-test intervention group were 37.15±8.04 and 34.67±9.09; while scores for the control group were 36.23±9.44 and 37.23±9.78. While the difference in the intervention group was statistically significant (P=.006), there was no difference observed in the control group (P=.256). The pretest and post-test STAI-T mean scores for the intervention group were 39.73±7.71 and 39.88±8.22; the control group scores were 40.68±4.91 and 41.25±5.87; the difference between the intervention (P=.840) and control (P=.346) groups was not statistically significant. The pretest and post-test surgery-specific anxiety scale mean scores of the intervention group were 18.08±4.52 and 16.55±4.79; the control group were 20.50±7.31 and 20.95±7.69. While the difference in the intervention group was statistically significant (P=.011), no difference (P=.498) was determined in the control group. Individuals planned for urological surgery who listened to music for 30minutes had reduced state and surgery-specific anxiety for 15minutes after listening, however, this did not affect trait anxiety. The practice of listening to music before surgery may be recommended for individuals who are scheduled for urological surgery to reduce patient anxiety.