Abstract
Simple SummaryThe effect of light intensity on pullet behavior and welfare is not well studied. In this study, two strains (Lohmann LSL-Lite and Lohmann Brown-Lite) of pullets reared in floor pens containing a perchery system were tested under one of three light intensities (10, 30, or 50 lux). Behavior, jumping frequency and success, fear, and stress levels were assessed throughout the study. Pullets reared at 50 lux spent more time preening (comfort behavior) than pullets reared at 10 lux, while pullets reared at 10 lux spent more time pecking at walls (exploratory behavior). All pullets increased their time spent preening with age. The number and accuracy of jumps also increased with age. Light intensity did not affect landing success, nor did it affect pullet fear or stress levels. Lohmann-LSL-Lite pullets performed more jumps than Lohmann Brown-Lite pullets, while Lohmann Brown-Lite pullets spent more time performing exploratory behaviors. Lohmann Brown-Lite pullets also scored higher on the fear and stress assessments, which might suggest genetic differences between the two strains. Overall, the results suggest that light intensity does not affect pullet behavior, although higher light intensity at 50 lux may slightly increase preening in the pullets, which may indicate positive welfare attributes.The effects of light intensity (L) are not well studied in pullets. Our research objective was to study the effect of L on navigational success, behavior, and welfare of two pullet strains (S). In two repeated trials, a 3 × 2 × 4 factorial arrangement tested three L (10, 30, 50 lux) and two S (Lohmann Brown-Lite (LB), LSL-Lite (LW)) at four ages. One thousand eight hundred pullets/S (0–16 wk) were randomly assigned to floor pens within light-tight rooms (three pens/S/room, four rooms/L) containing four parallel perches and a ramp. Data collection included jumping frequency and success (24h continuous sampling), novel object tests (fear), heterophil to lymphocyte (H/L) ratios (stress), and behavior (instantaneous scan sampling) during photoperiods. L did not affect injurious behavior, fear, or H/L. Pullets reared at 50 lux spent more time preening than at 10 lux. Pullets reared at 10 lux spent more time wall pecking than at 50 lux. Time spent standing and preening and total number and accuracy of jumping increased with age. Pullets reared at 30 lux had higher jumping frequency than at 10 lux; accuracy was not affected. LW jumped more than LB, but with similar success. LB spent more time exploring and scored higher in the fear and stress assessments, suggesting S differences.
Highlights
Studies showed that laying hens are more successful at using complex housing environments when reared in a similar type of housing, as it allows learning to occur early in life [1]
Time spent jumping or flying decreased with increasing week for pullets reared at 30 lux, while it remained constant for pullets reared at 10 lux
Despite being numerically similar, total jumping accuracy increased with age
Summary
Studies showed that laying hens are more successful at using complex housing environments when reared in a similar type of housing, as it allows learning to occur early in life [1]. Light intensity (L) may play a role in helping pullets navigate these complex environments by increasing visual acuity. Light intensity may have an impact on bird behavior and welfare. Many studies have been conducted on L on broilers, while only a few looked at hen behavior and jumping ability [2,3]. Information on the impact of L levels on pullets is not well known. Several variables might affect a pullet’s ability to successfully navigate an environment
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