Abstract
This study aimed to determine the efficacy of different Leucovorin regimens to reduce oral mucositis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia after high-dose Methotrexate (HD-MTX). Twelve articles were included in a systematic literature review. Articles were categorized into low/medium/high risk of bias. As no randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of Leucovorin has been performed, the efficacy of Leucovorin to reduce oral mucositis remains unknown. Leucovorin was initiated at 24, 36 or 42 h after HD-MTX at a dose of 15 or 30 mg/m2. No meta-analysis could be performed as treatment regimens differed. When comparing studies with similar HD-MTX doses, we observed lower oral mucositis rates in regimens with higher cumulative doses of Leucovorin and early initiation of Leucovorin after MTX. Even though future studies are necessary, higher cumulative Leucovorin doses and early initiation of Leucovorin after start of MTX seem to reduce oral mucositis.
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