Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of latency on the development of bone lengthening force and bone mineralization during mandible distraction osteogenesis.MethodsDistraction tensions were investigated at different latency period in 36 rabbits using internal unilateral distractor. Strain gauges were prepared and attached to the distractor to directly assess the level of distraction tension during mandible lengthening. The tensile force environment of the mandible of rabbit during distraction was evaluated through in vivo experiments using two gauges.The animals were divided into 3 groups each containing 12 rabbits. Latency periods of 0, 4 and 7 days respectively were observed prior to beginning distraction. The distraction protocol consisted of a lengthening rate of 1 mm once daily for 8 days, followed by a consolidation phase of 2 weeks after which the animals were killed. Biopsies specimens were taken from the distracted area at the end of the distraction period. A non-distracted area of the mandible bone served as control. The specimens were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy to assess the ultrastructural pattern, and the bone mineralization.ResultsThe resting tension acting on the distraction gap increases through distraction. The 7-day latency groups exhibit higher tension then those of 0-day and 4-days latency groups. Quantitative energy dispersive spectral analysis confirmed that immediate distractions were associated with lower calcium and phosphate atomic weight ratio.Conclusionthe latency periods could affect the bone lengthening tension and the bone mineralization process.
Highlights
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of latency on the development of bone lengthening force and bone mineralization during mandible distraction osteogenesis
There are no reports in English literature on the direct measurement of force using a strain gauge mounted on the internal distractor device because of the difficulties in the use of the strain gauge fixed in vivo
The present study aims to investigate the effect of latency on the force needed to distract bone using internal distractor, to determine the effect of latency on mineralization of the newly formed bone, and to provide new methods to allow measurement of force developed during distraction using a strain gauge mounted to internal distractor device
Summary
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of latency on the development of bone lengthening force and bone mineralization during mandible distraction osteogenesis. BioMedical Engineering OnLine 2006, 5:18 http://www.biomedical-engineering-online.com/content/5/1/18 results in simultaneous expansion of soft tissue and bone volume It was first used in limb lengthening by Codivilla [1] in 1905, and later the use of this technique in canine mandible was first reported by Snyder et al [2]. Mechanical characterization of mandibular distraction osteogenesis is very limited; some analyses of mechanical forces that occur during distraction osteogenesis in leg lengthening have been previously performed [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13] These forces have been measured in several experimental studies using a strain gauge mounted on the external distractor device. Strain gauges must be specially prepared when it has to be used in vivo
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