Abstract
The butt welding of 1.4462 (2205) duplex stainless steel plates with thickness of 4 mm under various welding parameters was achieved by Nd:YAG laser type without the use of the filler material. Welding parameters such as welding power (kW) and the focus distance from the joint surface (mm) were changed. The Ar 5.0 protective gas flow and welding speed were the same for all the tests and were 20 L/min and 0.5 m/min, respectively. The weld shape, weld macrostructure, microstructure, strength and hardness, and the content of the ferrite in the weld zone, heat-affected zone, and base metal were emphatically investigated. The test results showed that increase in laser power increases the weld zone area. For the weld samples, a better ferrite/austenite ratio was obtained by focusing the laser beam on the sheet surface. Furthermore, the largest elongation from strength test has been observed for the weld samples made with laser power of 2.0 kW.
Highlights
Duplex stainless steels (DSSs) are characterized by a higher conventional yield point when compared with austenitic stainless steels
Macrostructure pictures were analyzed for the laser power effect on the weld zone area (WZA), the face area (FA) and root area (RA), and face length (FL) and the root length (RL)
WZA increases with the increase in the welding power (P; Figure 5)
Summary
Duplex stainless steels (DSSs) are characterized by a higher conventional yield point when compared with austenitic stainless steels. They feature relatively good strength properties in corrosive media.[1] When considering the behavior of the austenitic-ferritic stainless steel grades, one should stress their better resistance to stress corrosion cracking caused by chlorides as compared to austenitic stainless steels.[1] Thanks to these advantages as well as a wide range of available metallurgical materials, the 1.4462 steel is very widely used. The structure of 1.4462 DSS includes 30%–55% of ferrite (usually about 45% of ferrite).[5] When selecting welding parameters of DSSs, one should mainly take into account the microstructure to be achieved in the weld joint and, above all, the percentage share of phase components of ferrite and austenite in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and the joint.[6,7,8] This allows, among others, to achieve optimum corrosion resistance with good mechanical properties. The runs for WZ and HAZ areas were performed in the angular range from 49.5° to 53.5° with
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