Abstract
Isomaltulose, a naturally-occurring isomer of sucrose, is commonly used as an alternative sweetener in foods and beverages. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of isomaltulose together with green tea on postprandial plasma glucose and insulin concentration, as well as antioxidant capacity in healthy subjects. In a randomized, single-blind, crossover study, 15 healthy subjects (eight women and seven men; ages 23.5 ± 0.7 years; with body mass index of 22.6 ± 0.4 kg/m2) consumed five beverages: (1) 50 g sucrose in 400 mL water; (2) 50 g isomaltulose in 400 mL of water; (3) 400 mL of green tea; (4) 50 g sucrose in 400 mL of green tea; and (5) 50 g isomaltulose in 400 mL of green tea. Incremental area under postprandial plasma glucose, insulin, ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration were determined during 120 min of administration. Following the consumption of isomaltulose, the incremental 2-h area under the curve (AUC0–2 h) indicated a higher reduction of postprandial glucose (43.4%) and insulin concentration (42.0%) than the consumption of sucrose. The addition of green tea to isomaltulose produced a greater suppression of postprandial plasma glucose (20.9%) and insulin concentration (37.7%). In accordance with antioxidant capacity, consumption of sucrose (40.0%) and isomaltulose (28.7%) caused the reduction of green tea-induced postprandial increases in FRAP. A reduction in postprandial MDA after drinking green tea was attenuated when consumed with sucrose (34.7%) and isomaltulose (17.2%). In conclusion, green tea could enhance the reduction of postprandial glucose and insulin concentration when consumed with isomaltulose. In comparison with sucrose, isomaltulose demonstrated less alteration of plasma antioxidant capacity after being consumed with green tea.
Highlights
There has been a marked increase in the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages across the globe [1,2]
Possible mechanismsofofflavonoid-enriched flavonoid-enriched green green tea tea for postprandial glucose include the inhibition of α-glucosidase activity, intestinal sodium-glucose cotransporter-1 (SGLT-1) and glucose transport-2 (GLUT-2) [35,36,37]
A recent study revealed that epicatechin gallate competitively inhibited the glucose uptake through SGLT-1 [35]
Summary
There has been a marked increase in the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages across the globe [1,2]. Recent evidence has been able to substantiate the relationship between the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and the risks of type 2 diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases [3]. A number of randomized clinical trials have reported that the consumption of sweetened beverages increased body weight and fat mass after 10 weeks [4]. There has been increasing concern regarding the health effects of being overweight and obesity in adults, and this has, led to a rising demand for low-energy food products. Low-glycemic sweeteners commonly offer an alternative approach to using caloric sugars as substitutes for sucrose and high fructose corn syrup in foods and beverages [5,6,7].
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