Abstract
Objectives: Synthetic MRI can obtain multiple parameters in one scan, including T1 and T2 relaxation time, proton density (PD), brain volume, etc. This study aimed to investigate the parameter values T1 and T2 relaxation time, PD, and volume characteristics of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) newborn brain, and the ability of synthetic MRI parameters T1 and T2 relaxation time and PD to diagnose IVH.Materials and methods: The study included 50 premature babies scanned with conventional and synthetic MRI. Premature infants were allocated to the case group (n = 15) and NON IVH (n = 35). The T1, T2, PD values, and brain volume were obtained by synthetic MRI. Then we assessed the impact of IVH on these parameters.Results: In the posterior limbs of the internal capsule (PLIC), genu of the corpus callosum (GCC), central white matter (CWM), frontal white matter (FWM), and cerebellum (each p < 0.05), the T1 and T2 relaxation times of the IVH group were significantly prolonged. There were significant differences also in PD. The brain volume in many parts were also significantly reduced, which was best illustrated in gray matter (GM), cerebrospinal fluid and intracranial volume, and brain parenchymal fraction (BPF) (each p < 0.001, t = −5.232 to 4.596). The differential diagnosis ability of these quantitative values was found to be excellent in PLIC, CWM, and cerebellum (AUC 0.700–0.837, p < 0.05).Conclusion: The quantitative parameters of synthetic MRI show well the brain tissue characteristic values and brain volume changes of IVH premature infants. T1 and T2 relaxation times and PD contribute to the diagnosis and evaluation of IVH.
Highlights
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a common complication of premature infants and a typical form of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants
The T1, T2 relaxation times and proton density (PD) were used to evaluate the differences between the two groups of premature brain development (Figure 1 and Table 2)
The significant difference in PD between the two groups was mainly manifested in posterior limbs of the internal capsule (PLIC) (p = 0.044, t = 2.072), central white matter (CWM) (p = 0.003, t = 3.171), frontal white matter (FWM) (p = 0.017, t = 2.469), and cerebellum (p = 0.035, t = 2.164)
Summary
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a common complication of premature infants and a typical form of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants. Despite advances in clinical management, the absolute number of cases is still high due to the increase in the survival rate of premature infants and the detection rate of minor diseases [1]. IVH is closely related to long-term neurodevelopmental disorders [2]. The long-term neurological outcome of IVH syndrome is still controversial and is still an active area of research. It was believed that IVH did not increase the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders related to preterm birth [3]. Some recent opinions believe that IVH premature infants have dysfunction and immature white matter microstructure. Patients with mild IVH are at an increased risk of neurological impairment. IVH adversely affects the cerebellum growth of premature infants [4, 5]. Synthetic MRI is an emerging available technique that combines conventional high-spatial resolution MRI images with quantitative T1, T2 relaxometry, PD, and volumetry
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