Abstract
This study compared three information display formats for presenting tactical instructions to helicopter pilots for locating targets on a situation display. Verbal (text), graphic (symbols), or numeric (digits) instructions were presented for a subsequent target acquisition search task while subjects were either serving as copilot or simultaneously piloting the aircraft. Reaction times (RTs) to acknowledge the instructions were fastest for the numeric format and slowest for the text format. Once the instructions were understood, subjects searched and located the target in a situation display equally well regardless of format. For all formats, piloting performance was adversely affected and mental workload significantly increased while simultaneously performing the target acquisition search task. Practical implications of the findings are discussed.
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