Abstract
A three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model of the mandibular bone was created from 3D X-ray CT scan images of a live human subject. Simulating the clinical situation of implant therapy at the mandibular first molar, virtual extraction of the tooth was performed at the 3D FE mandibular model, and 12 different implant diameters and lengths were virtually inserted in order to carry out a mechanical analysis. (1) High stress concentration was found at the surfaces of the buccal and lingual peri-implant bone adjacent to the sides of the neck in all the implants. (2) The greatest stress value was approximately 6.0 MPa with implant diameter of 3.8 mm, approx. 4.5 MPa with implant diameter of 4.3 mm, and approx. 3.2 MPa with implant diameter of 6.0 mm. (3) The stress on the peri-implant bone was found to decrease with increasing length and mainly in diameter of the implant.
Highlights
Gianmario Schierano and Dental implants are prosthetic devices which restore masticatory function or improve aesthetic appearance
Four hundred and sixty scanned images were obtained, and these were saved as Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) files, the standard for medical-use images
The finite element method is a technique for stress analysis that was developed as computers grew more sophisticated
Summary
Gianmario Schierano and Dental implants are prosthetic devices which restore masticatory function or improve aesthetic appearance. For long term function of implants, there should be no bone resorption in response to the repeated force exerted through mastication, and for the patient to maintain physiologically sound periodontal tissues. Implants that have osseointegrated lack the presence of the periodontal ligament in natural teeth, which functions to absorb impact at the contact area between the bone and implant. Implants with bone remodeling are affected by bone morphology and quality to a greater extent than natural teeth [6,7]. For this reason, ensuring a favorable prognosis with implant therapy requires not just biological examination, and the resolution of mechanical problems
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