Abstract
In this study, the production of bioethanol from sorghum bagasse was carried out to understand the surface morphology of sorghum bagasse before and after hydrolysis, the effect of hydrolysis time using a microwave, and the concentration of inoculum on the ethanol content produced. A total of 10 grams of sorghum bagasse was suspended with 250 mL of 2% H2SO4 solution and then heated using a microwave at a temperature of 150ºC with variations in heating time of 20, 30,40, and 50 minutes. The heated hydrolyzate was analyzed for reducing sugar content using UV-Vis. The morphology of sorghum bagasse before and after hydrolysis was analyzed using SEM and quantitative analysis of fermented ethanol using a pycnometer and GC. The results showed that there were differences in the surface of sorghum bagasse before and after hydrolysis, the highest reducing sugar content was obtained at 30 minutes of hydrolysis, which was 30.4 g/L, and the highest concentration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was 8% which resulted in 5.325% ethanol content using a pycnometer and 9.05% using GC. Keywords: Sorghum bagasse, Hydrolysis, Microwave, Bioethanol
Highlights
IntroductionThe current energy crisis is caused by dependence on fossil fuels which are nonrenewable sources
This study aimed to study the surface morphology of sorghum bagasse before and after hydrolysis to determine the optimum hydrolysis time and the highest bioethanol content of sorghum bagasse based on variations in inoculum concentration
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis aims to determine the morphological structure of sorghum starch before and after the hydrolysis
Summary
The current energy crisis is caused by dependence on fossil fuels which are nonrenewable sources. The current bioethanol production is from starch derived from food. It may have a detrimental effect on food supply due to the conflict between food and energy. To address this issue, it is required to perform research using non-food raw materials, including sorghum bagasse. Sorghum pulp has 72.05 % carbohydrates, making it suitable for bioethanol production (Arif et al, 2018). The redevelopment of the sorghum plant is deemed necessary because apart from being used as food, this plant can be used as an energy source
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