The effect of human mobility and control measures on traffic safety during COVID-19 pandemic.

Ni Dong,Jie Zhang,Yina Wu,Baoheng Feng,Pengpeng Xu,Feng Chen,Ruimin Ke

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0243263

Abstract

As mobile device location data become increasingly available, new analyses are revealing the significant changes of mobility pattern when an unplanned event happened. With different control policies from local and state government, the COVID-19 outbreak has dramatically changed mobility behavior in affected cities. This study has been investigating the impact of COVID-19 on the number of people involved in crashes accounting for the intensity of different control measures using Negative Binomial (NB) method. Based on a comprehensive dataset of people involved in crashes aggregated in New York City during January 1, 2020 to May 24, 2020, people involved in crashes with respect to travel behavior, traffic characteristics and socio-demographic characteristics are found. The results show that the average person miles traveled on the main traffic mode per person per day, percentage of work trip have positive effect on person involved in crashes. On the contrary, unemployment rate and inflation rate have negative effects on person involved in crashes. Interestingly, different level of control policies during COVID-19 outbreak are closely associated with safety awareness, driving and travel behavior, and thus has an indirect influence on the frequency of crashes. Comparing to other three control policies including emergence declare, limits on mass gatherings, and ban on all nonessential gathering, the negative relationship between stay-at-home policy implemented in New York City from March 20, 2020 and the number of people involved crashes is found in our study.

Highlights

Assessing mobility and safety impacts on the transportation system is primarily concern for policy decision-makers when an unplanned event occurs
For the four control measures implemented in New York City during COVID-19 pandemic, we take these four control policies as explanatory factors to evaluate the number of people involved in crashes
This paper investigates the effect of human mobility and control policies including emergency declarations, bans on gatherings of certain sizes, school closures, restrictions on businesses, and stay-at-home or shelter-in-place of residence orders on the number of persons involved in crashes in New York City during COVID-19 pandemic

Summary

Introduction

Assessing mobility and safety impacts on the transportation system is primarily concern for policy decision-makers when an unplanned event occurs. Mobility analysis is used to identify how people change their travel behavior and safety analysis focus on how crash frequencies and severity may change from before to after an event. As vividly illustrated in the current COVID-19 pandemic, related control policy e.g. social distancing orders have had dramatic. Analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

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