The effect of hookah use on COVID-19 related adverse outcomes: Lessons learned from integrating STEPs 2016 and national COVID-19 registration databases.

Azin Ghamari,Negar Rezaei,Farshad Farzadfar,Mansour Ranjbar

doi:10.18332/tid/144052

Azin Ghamari, Negar Rezaei + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/144052

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Abstract

INTRODUCTIONAmidst the COVID-19 pandemic, an international effort has been concerted to identify the factors associated with more adverse outcomes to better allocate resources and perform more effective targeted preventive measures. This study aims to describe the risk of COVID-19 adverse outcomes among individuals with a history of being ever cigarette smokers and being ever hookah users.METHODSWe combined two databases, including the Iran national registry of COVID-19 patients, including 2020 with 656258 hospitalized patients and STEPs survey 2016 with 30541 participants. After merging the two databases using the national ID, the association was investigated between being ever smoker or hookah user and the adverse outcomes of COVID-19 including death, need for a ventilation therapy, and admission in the intensive care unit (ICU), among 474 severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) cases and 211 PCR-positive patients.RESULTSAmong 211 PCR-positive patients, 40 (19%) patients were ever hookah users and 28 (13.3%) were ever cigarette smokers. Death occurred in 27 (12.8%) patients and severe COVID-19 in 17 (11.6%). Among 211 PCR-positive patients, ever cigarette smokers had 4.2 times (95% CI: 1.1–15.4, p=0.03) higher odds of ICU admission and 4.2 times (95% CI: 1.1–15.4, p=0.03) increased odds for need of ventilation, compared with non-smokers. Besides, ever hookah users had 3.9 times (95% CI: 1.1–13.6, p=0.03) higher odds for need of ventilation therapy, compared with non-hookah users.CONCLUSIONSTobacco use and hookah smoking were associated with adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients in Iran.

Highlights

INTRODUCTION Amidst the COVID19 pandemic, an international effort has been concerted to identify the factors associated with more adverse outcomes to better allocate resources and perform more effective targeted preventive measures
This study aims to describe the risk of COVID-19 adverse outcomes among individuals with a history of being ever cigarette smokers and being ever hookah users
Being associated with many unfavorable outcomes and becoming a global health crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the negative impact of hookah use and smoking on infection trajectory, which could be considered an opportunity to precipitate in hookah cessation

Summary

Introduction

19 pandemic, an international effort has been concerted to identify the factors associated with more adverse outcomes to better allocate resources and perform more effective targeted preventive measures. This study aims to describe the risk of COVID-19 adverse outcomes among individuals with a history of being ever cigarette smokers and being ever hookah users. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, an international effort has been concerted to identify the factors associated with more adverse outcomes to better allocate resources and perform more effective targeted preventive measures. Due to the increased viral load, increased COVID-19 severity and adverse outcomes could be anticipated In this regard, this study aims to describe the risk of COVID-19 adverse outcomes among individuals with a history of being ever cigarette smokers and being ever hookah users. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have evaluated the association between hookah use and COVID-19 adverse outcomes in Iran

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