The Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training in People With Respiratory Disease: A Review Study

Abstract

Background and Aims Exercise training is an important intervention in the pulmonary rehabilitation of adults with chronic respiratory diseases. High-intensity exercise is challenging for these patients. Thus, interval exercise has received much attention as a suitable option for optimizing a tolerable load during exercise. This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on peak power, peak oxygen uptake, functional capacity, and health-related quality of life in people with chronic respiratory diseases. Methods In this study, the related studies were collected and examined from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct databases. Results A total of 14 randomized controlled trials were selected based on the study subject. The results demonstrated that HIIT and continuous training in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) led to significant improvement in peak power, peak oxygen uptake, and 6-minute walk test (6MWT) or 12-minute walk test (12MWT) distance and health-related quality of life and there was no significant difference between the two groups. And HIIT, compared to no exercise training, showed greater significant changes. Few studies have examined HIIT in patients with cystic fibrosis, with different results. We found no studies investigating the effect of HIIT on non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis and interstitial lung diseases. Conclusion studies confirm the positive effect of HIIT on cardiorespiratory fitness, exercise capacity, functional capacity, and health-related quality of life in people with COPD. In other respiratory diseases, more studies are needed to investigate the effects of HIIT.