Abstract
Zymomonas mobilis cells were examined by electronmicroscopy at various stages of fed-batch cultivation. Using the agar-diffusion method, significant changes in the morphology were observed under low glucose and increasing ethanol and CO2 concentrations. High concentrations of these products cause the appearance of extensive slime and granular layers around the cells. The reasons for and the possible implications of the observed changes in ultrastructure on industrial ethanol production are discussed in view of the presently experienced limitations in product formation.
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