The Effect of Hardware Impairments on the Error Bounds of Localization and Maximum Likelihood Estimation of mm-Wave MISO-OFDM Systems

Abstract

This work investigates the localization process in milimeter-wave ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$mm$</tex-math></inline-formula> -Wave) multiple-input single-output (MISO) OFDM systems considering hardware impairments (HWIs) at both the base station (BS) and the mobile station (MS). The localization is performed on MS board by estimating the downlink channel parameters using a maximum likelihood (ML) estimator, and then transforming them to the localization parameters. Besides, the Fisher information matrix (FIM) is utilized to assess the accuracy of the estimation processes. The limits of the localization is calculated in terms of the position error bound (PEB). The obtained results of the computer simulations show the destructive impacts of the HWIs on the localization process with respect to the effective SNR, and the number of pilot transmissions, transmitter antennas and subcarriers.