The effect of griseofulvin on the heme pathway—II. An exhaustive analysis during short and long-term challenge

Abstract

1. A clear biphasic response of the enzyme activities as a function of intoxication time due to the topical cutaneous griseofulvin treatment was observed. 2. The initial acute induction of ALA-S activity would be due to depletion of free heme in the regulatory pool caused by cytochrome P 450 destruction. 3. The second induction peak, would be due to less heme formation, secondary to the ferrochelatase inhibition, as expected for the erythropoietic protoporphyria model. 4. The biphasic response of hepatic ALA-D and PBGase activities would be related to ALA-S activity changes and the subsequent augmented available substrates. 5. Endogenous liver porphyrin distribution in cytosolic, mitochondrial and nuclear fractions was investigated. 6. The in vitro biosynthesis of porphyrins confirmed both the biphasic model and the hepatic porphyrins subcellular distribution. 7. Two mechanisms to explain the action of griseofulvin at shorter and longer times of intoxication are proposed.