The effect of graphydine oxide (GDYO) nanosheets on disrupting theF-actin filament of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) cells

Abstract

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is deadly cancer with high mortality rates. Previous studies have shown that MART-10, ananalog to vitamin D, effectively prevents cancer’s metastatic potential by downregulating N-cadherin and filamentousactin filaments (F-action filament). In more recent studies around AML (acute myeloid leukemia), a novel materialname graphene oxide nanosheets (GDYO) are effective against AML related to DNA(cytosine-5)methyltransferase3A(DNMT3A)-mutated genes. It has also been found that GDYO nanosheets have been able to disrupt the F-actinfilament of AML cells, inducing cell apoptosis which leads to the destruction of the mutated cells. This paper exploresthe further application of this material in the biomedical field by testing the ability of GDYO nanosheets to inducecell apoptosis in other types of cancer, for example, ATC cells. The study will use an 8505C cell line with negativephosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and positive control Nexavar, a clinically tested drug that treats early ATC cell growth.Nexavar, also known as Sorafenib, inhibits tumor growth by a dual mechanism, acting directly on the tumor (throughinhibition of Raf and Kit signaling) and tumor angiogenesis (through inhibition of VEGFR and PDGFR signaling).The paper investigates whether GDYO can successfully disrupt the F-actin filaments of ATC cells, thereby killing themthrough inducing apoptosis and preventing the metastatic potential of ATC cells.