Abstract
HOPG is commonly used to induce interface nanobubbles, but its layered feature influences nanobubble evolution characteristics that have not been reported yet. In this study, the difference in the distribution density of nanobubbles on the monolayer and multilayer morphology of HOPG surfaces was observed by atomic force under-liquid experiments. And a strong correlation was found between the growth evolution of nanobubbles and the number of layers during the 24 h in situ testing. A molecular dynamics study on the effect of layer number on the properties of nanobubbles was carried out, revealing the modulation of the local surface energy by changes in the number of layers on the HOPG surface. The mechanism of the influence of surface energy on the distribution and growth evolution of nanobubbles was established.
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