Abstract
Flank instability and lateral collapse are recurrent processes during the structural evolution of volcanic edifices, and they affect and are affected by magmatic activity. It is known that dyke intrusions have the potential to destabilise the flanks of a volcano, and that lateral collapses may change the style of volcanism and the arrangement of shallow dykes. However, the effect of a large lateral collapse on the location of a new eruptive centre remains unclear. Here, we use a numerical approach to simulate the pathways of magmatic intrusions underneath the volcanic edifice, after the stress redistribution resulting from a large lateral collapse. Our simulations are quantitatively validated against the observations at Fogo volcano, Cabo Verde. The results reveal that a lateral collapse can trigger a significant deflection of deep magma pathways in the crust, favouring the formation of a new eruptive centre within the collapse embayment. Our results have implications for the long-term evolution of intraplate volcanic ocean islands.
Highlights
Flank instability and lateral collapse are recurrent processes during the structural evolution of volcanic edifices, and they affect and are affected by magmatic activity
Tibaldi et al.[33] used numerical, finite-element models, to show that the stress field within the volcanic edifice associated with the topography of the collapse embayment at Stromboli volcano is able to explain the orientation of dyke intrusions parallel to the collapse scarp
Our results show that the effective volcanic loading (EVL) magnitude is the parameter that most significantly affects the position of dyke arrivals at the base of the volcano (i.e., 2000 m below the sea level) (Fig. 4a–c and Supplementary Figs. 1–3)
Summary
Flank instability and lateral collapse are recurrent processes during the structural evolution of volcanic edifices, and they affect and are affected by magmatic activity. We use a numerical approach to simulate the pathways of magmatic intrusions underneath the volcanic edifice, after the stress redistribution resulting from a large lateral collapse. Tibaldi[30] inferred from dyke orientations and dip angles within the volcanic edifice of Stromboli volcano, Italy, that the stress field due to the topography of the collapse embayment is responsible for the orientation of dykes in the vicinity of the collapse scarp. Tibaldi et al.[33] used numerical, finite-element models, to show that the stress field within the volcanic edifice associated with the topography of the collapse embayment at Stromboli volcano is able to explain the orientation of dyke intrusions parallel to the collapse scarp
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