Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the activity of fucoidan on the uterine sarcomas (MES-SA and ESS-1) and carcinosarcoma cell lines (SK-UT-1 and SK-UT-1B) and its toxicity on the human skin fibroblasts (HSF). Two uterine sarcomas and two carcinosarcoma cell lines were examined, as a control HSF were used. Cell viability was assessed with MTT test, apoptosis with caspase-3 activity and cell cycle by assessment of DNA synthesis. Fucoidan significantly decreases cell viability in SK-UT-1, SK-UT-1B, and ESS-1 cell lines, such effect was not observed in MES-SA. Fucoidan was not substantially affecting proliferation among normal cells. The tested agent induced apoptosis in all cell cultures used in the experiment. Fucoidan affects cell cycle of all tested cell lines except MES-SA by increasing percentage of cells in G0/sub-G1/G1 phase. Fucoidan do not only affect proliferation but induces apoptosis in selected uterine sarcoma and carcinosarcoma cell lines, so it has potential to be used as cytotoxic agent. Fucoidan seems to be promising anti-cancer agent for endometrial stromal sarcoma and carcinosarcoma.
Highlights
Uterine sarcomas and carcinosarcoma constitute a rare types of female reproductive organs solid tumors
The antiproliferative effect of fucoidan was investigated in SK-UT-1, SK-UT-1B, ESS1, MES-SA and human skin fibroblasts (HSF) using MTT cell viability assay
The results showed that fucoidan significantly decreases cell viability in SK-UT-1, SK-UT-1B, and ESS-1 cell cultures
Summary
Uterine sarcomas and carcinosarcoma constitute a rare types of female reproductive organs solid tumors. Sarcomas of the uterus is a heterogeneous group of cancers whose common feature is the histological origin from the mesenchymal tissues. Both sarcomas and carcinosarcoma are characterized by the dynamic development, the capacity to metastasize. Among uterine sarcomas we distinguish various histological subtypes including i.a. leiomyosarcoma, endometrial stromal sarcoma. Carcinosarcoma due to its dualistic structure (the presence of both mesenchymal and epithelial component) is nowadays included to the group of carcinoma of the corpus uteri by the majority of authors (Prat 2009). The most common histological type of uterine sarcoma is leiomyosarcoma, which is diagnosed in 1–8.4% cases of malignant uterus cancers (Ramondetta et al 2016; Ueda et al 2008)
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