The Effect of Extracts and Phenolic Compounds Isolation from Rosmarinus officinalis Plant Leaves on Tribolium castaneum Mortality

Abstract

The current laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different concentrations (2.5, 5, 10, and 20%) of the ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate, and hexane at a concentration (1, 2, and 4%) of the leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis against adults of the insect Trabolium castaneum for three periods (24, 48, and 72 hours). Results showed that the ethanolic extract, ethyl phenolic components (catechol, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, calic acid, vanillic acid, coumarin, and cinnamic acid) of rosemary leaves were detected using HPLC technology over a 24 hours treatment period, and their effect on the adult stage of the insect was investigated. The results showed that catechol, calic acid, vanillic acid, and cinnamic acid had a killing rate of 93.33% at a concentration of 20%. In contrast, 4-hydroxy benzoic acid and coumarin had a killing rate of 90% at a concentration of 20%.