Abstract
Objective: Wastewater and environmental water resources are treated to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms but contamination is still a significant problem. In particular, the presence of contamination with Escherichia coli (E. coli) is an important indicator of fecal contamination. Due to increasing antimicrobial resistance and failures of new antimicrobial processes, interest in bacteriophages in pathogen control has increased. Therefore, in our study, phage-based bacteria control in environmental waters was investigated as a natural solution. Material and Method: In our study, E. coli and lytic bacteriophages specific to these E. coli were isolated from environmental water samples in Ankara. The lytic activities of the isolated phages were determined on environmental and clinical extended-spectrum β-lactamases E. coli isolates. Three phages with high lytic activity were selected, and the effectiveness of the single phage and their mixtures on E. coli contamination in water was tested. Result and Discussion: As a result of the study, 17 E. coli strains were isolated from 30 environmental water samples. Lytic bacteriophages in 30 different plaque structures were also isolated from water samples. The isolated phages were found to have lytic activity in the range of 32-70% on the tested bacteria. The effectiveness of three selected phages and their cocktail on E. coli contamination in water was measured at 6th and 24th. As a result, it was observed that the cocktail application reduced the number of host bacteria in the water below detectable limits, also provided a 5-log reduction in non-host test bacteria and maintained its effect for 24 hours. When the results are evaluated, it is thought that cocktail phage application will be an effective method against E. coli contamination in water.
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