Abstract
The effect of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) on the microstructure, texture, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and cytotoxicity of two magnesium-silver alloys, Mg-2.0%Ag and Mg-4.0%Ag, was studied. Their average grain size was found to be reduced to 3.2 ± 1.4 μm and 2.8 ± 1.3 μm, respectively. Despite the substantial grain refinement, a drop in the strength characteristics of the alloys was observed, which can be attributed to the formation of inclined basal texture. On a positive side, an increase in tensile ductility to ~34% for Mg-2.0%Ag and ~27% for Mg-4.0%Ag was observed. This effect can be associated with the activity of basal and prismatic slip induced by ECAP. One of the ECAP regimes tested gave rise to a drop in the corrosion resistance of both alloys. An interesting observation was a cytotoxic effect both alloys had on tumor cells in vitro. This effect was accompanied with the release of lactate dehydrogenase, an increase in oxidative stress, coupled with the induction of NO-ions and an increase in the content of such markers of apoptosis as Annexin V and Caspase 3/7. Differences in the chemical composition and the processing history-dependent microstructure of the alloys did not have any significant effect on the magnitude of their antiproliferative effect.
Highlights
Development of magnesium alloys for application in bioresorbable implants is a burgeoning area of research [1,2,3,4,5,6]
That is why the purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of the equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) regimes on the structure, texture, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of prospective medical magnesium alloys Mg-2.0%Ag and Mg-4.0%Ag, which are being targeted for use in the treatment of cancer
Extrusion at a sufficiently high temperature resulted in a structure of the initial state of both alloys consisting of almost completely recrystallized equiaxial grains of magnesium-based solid solution
Summary
Development of magnesium alloys for application in bioresorbable implants is a burgeoning area of research [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Studies are becoming increasingly popular in which the ability of magnesium alloys to suppress the growth of tumor cells is scrutinized [7,8,9,10]. This opens up new possibilities for creating orthopedic implants or products with anti-tumor activity for insertion directly into the tumor area [11]. The materials intended for such applications should, while possessing strong cytotoxicity towards tumor cells, not have a significant toxic effect on normal cells.
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