The Effect of Engineering Methods on the Efficacy of Therapeutic Exosomes

Abstract

Exosomes have been brought to attention in recent years with the rapid development of cell therapy and biotechnology. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that facilitate intercellular communication and play a crucial role in various physiological and pathological processes. They have been proven to be less harmful in comparison to other vector counterparts. With engineering methods, the efficacy of exosome therapy can be further amplified. This literature review aims to overlook the current state of knowledge on engineering methods used to enhance the efficacy of therapeutic exosomes. By incorporating knowledge from previous studies, this article attempts to discover a direct influence of engineering methods on the efficacy of exosome therapy in main three aspects: enhanced ligand-gated targeting, larger production yield, and a larger degree of freedom to deliver different mediums. The following literature will mainly focus on engineering advantages for treating different types of cancer.