Abstract
In this study, the e ect of the actual geometry of the magnetic eld on the electron temperature has been investigated daily and seasonally for the electromagnetic wave travelling at subionosphere. The electron energy balance equation has been obtained by using the ideal gas approximation. The results show that there are notable di erences between the two situations (B ‖ k ‖ z and B real, ‖ z). According to our theoretical study, the maximum changes are shown at Land R-mode, small e ect on X-mode and no variation on O-mode due to the real geometry of the magnetic eld. Besides, the heights of the maximum points are changeable daily and seasonally for all modes at the subionosphere.
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