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Abstract
Our aims were to evaluate the depression model of early maternal separation (MS) combined with adolescent chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) in female adult SD rats to observe the behavior and the expressions of synaptic proteins in rats and to provide a reference for the screening of antidepressant drug activity. In our study, MS and CUMS were conducted to establish a dual stress model on female rats. Behavioral tests, including the sucrose preference test, open field test, and zero maze test, were used to detect depression-like and anxiety-like behavior of animals. Nissl staining was used to detect the number of neuronal cells in the hippocampus CA1 and DG regions of rats from each group. Synaptophysin (SYN), postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95), and growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) expressions in the hippocampus were detected by western blot. Expression of the hippocampus SYN protein was further detected by immunohistochemistry. Rats in the MS+CUMS group presented more serious depression-like and anxiety-like behavior than in the MS group. Also, few Nissl bodies in the hippocampus CA1 and DG regions, less percentage of SYN-positive cells, and downregulated expressions of SYN, PSD-95, and GAP43 were found in the hippocampus of rats in MS+CUMS group. In conclusion, adult female rats that underwent MS and CUMS performed more critical depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors, and this process may be resulted from synaptic plasticity impairment.
Highlights
Depression is a common psychiatric disorder with a high incidence, and its pathogenesis is still not clear
We observed the effect of maternal separation (MS) and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) on body weight in this study, including PND28 and PND60 time points (Figure 2)
We examined the effects of MS, CUMS, and MS combined with CUMS on body weight, depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors, and expression of synapse-associated proteins
Summary
Depression is a common psychiatric disorder with a high incidence, and its pathogenesis is still not clear. The World Health Organization points out that depression would be one of the three major diseases in 2030 [1]. Due to the complexity of the etiology of depression, how to establish an effective model of depression has become one of the key issues when researching depression. The etiology of depression has not been confirmed, most scholars believe that the occurrence of depression is influenced by environment and heredity [2]. Another study has demonstrated that the one who has adverse experience at a young age may have a risk of depression 4-fold higher than normal persons [4]
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