Abstract
Surface topography and chemical composition have been measured for 304 stainless steel coupons as recieved from the steel mill, after straight‐lining, and during the Diversey DS‐9 process used to prepare the surfaces of ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) vessels. Secondary electron images indicate that the acid brightening step of the Diversey process smooths the stainless steel surface by removing about 10 μm of material. Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) images with resolution better than 5 nm show no evidence of micro‐porosity. Surface chemical analysis and composition depth profiles using Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are similar for the different surface conditions. A thin carbon layer is present over a 20–30 A thick oxide in which Fe, Cr, and Ni are depleted from their bulk concentrations. The surface concentrations of Cr and Ni are higher in the straight‐lined and processed samples. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) depth profiles show that the Diversey process reduces the amount of C, Na, K, and Ca on the surface and that an oxide layer is formed with a lower concentration of OH.
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