The Effect of Different Thyroxine Hormone (T4) Concentration on The Growth, Survival, and Pigment Development of Pink Zebra Fish Larvae (Brachydanio reiro)

Arifianto Heraedi,Tristiana Yuniarti,Slamet Budi Prayitno

doi:10.20884/1.oa.2018.14.2.538

Abstract

The thyroxin hormone plays an important role in the process of metabolism, yolk sac absorbsion, and growth of fish. The aims of this research were to observe the effect of various concentration of thyroxin (T4) on the absolute growth weight, total length, survival rate, and pigment development of pink zebra fish larvae (Brachydanio reiro ) after being reared 42 days. The pink zebra fish larvae at 4 day age with the average weight of 0,002 – 0,003g and average length of ± 3.10 – 3.43 mm were immersed at various concentration of T4 for 24 hours. Prior the treatment fish larvae were dipped into 1 ppt salinity for 2 minutes then transferred into 1 Liter, 1ppt saline and various T4 in plastic bags. The thyroxin concentrations were A (0 mg / L); B (0.05 mg / L); C (0.10 mg / L) and D (0.15 mg / L) respectively. The stocking density was 40 fish/L. After that they were transferred into aquariums and reared for 42 days. Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with four treatments and three replications were used. The variables observed were absolute and specific growth, total length, survival rate and hue degree. The results showed that the thyroxin hormone had significant effect on absolute growth weight, total length and specific growth rate. The dosage 0.1 mg/L was the best treatment on absolute growth, total length, and specific growth rate. Whilee the survival rate showed no significant differences across the treatments. Treatment C also demonstrated the best ppigment development (14.60 + 0.36º hue) compared to others.

Highlights

Zebra fish (Brachydanio rerio) is an ornamental fish that have a high economic value
Immersion in thyroxin solution for 24 hours almost double the absolute growth rate where the control only reach 0.10 + 0.005 g while at 0.05 mg (0.15 + 0.006 g); 0.10 mg (0.24 + 0.16 g) and at 0.15 (0.20 + 0.008 g) (Figure 3).From the data above it can be seen that immersion of T4 at concentration of 0.1 mg/L for 24 hours was able to double (240%) the absolute weight gain of pink zebra compared to control
Duncan test demonstrated that the used of 0.10 mg thyroxin (T4) was the best treatment in terms of absolute growth weight performance

Summary

Introduction

Zebra fish (Brachydanio rerio) is an ornamental fish that have a high economic value. The total trade of zebra fish in the year 2013 was over 1.04 billion tails (MMAF, 2014). This fish was originated from Myanmar, India, and Srilanka (Tamaru et al,1997). Khalil et al (2011) stated that injection of female Oreochromus niloticus at concentration of 1 or 10 μg T4/g body weight significantly enhanced larval and digestive tract development. They further stated that at some extent exogenous L-thyroxin (T4) in the female brood stock was transferred into oocytes and larvae. Pebriyanti et al, (2015) stated that immersion of thyroxin solution to Betok fish larvae (Anabas testudineus) significantly increased growth. Nacario (1983) previously approved that Thyroxin hormone was able to improve growth Sarrotherodon niloticus fry and larvae

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