Abstract
The effects of heavy metals on the human body have been extensively studied due to their potential to cause serious health issues. This research aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the adverse effects of these metals on various organ systems and highlight the importance of understanding their toxicological mechanisms. Mercury can disrupt neuronal function, leading to neurological symptoms and cardiovascular complications. Lead can impair cognitive function, causes behavioral disorders, and decreases IQ levels in children. Lead exposure is also associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Cadmium disrupts cellular homeostasis, induces oxidative stress, and interferes with calcium signaling. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the toxic effects of these heavy metals is essential for developing effective strategies to protect human health. Further research is needed to explore emerging issues, such as the combined effects of multiple heavy metals and the long-term consequences of exposure. By raising awareness of the detrimental effects of mercury, lead, chromium, and cadmium, this paper aims to emphasize the importance of minimizing exposure and implementing preventive interventions to safeguard human health.
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