The Effect of Different Fertilizers on the Quality of the Floral Stem and Inflorescence of Pot Grown Chrysanthemums Large Flowers Varieties

Abstract

In the field of pot-grown flowers, interest in chrysanthemums multiflora has risen enormously in the last decade, which is determined by the fact that this variety is still an unusual presence on the market, being extremely varied, and some varieties being relatively resistant to winter in garden conditions. In the traditional method of cultivation, the cuttings with root are planted in flexible or rigid wall pots in late May and early June (Cantor, 2009). Pinching is done to varieties with big flowers: shoots are selected, leaving 4-6 threads on a stem, and later the less developed buds are broken down. (Schmidt, 2002). Pot-grown Chrysanthemums require a more humid air in the first 3 weeks after being planted in pots. At night and on cloudy days, they need a temperature of 18-20 ° C, and when the weather is sunny, a temperature of 20 to 22 ° C and a relative humidity of 80%. In the next 2-3 weeks a temperature of 15-16 ° C during the night and 20-25 ° C on sunny days are allowed with a relative humidity of 60% (Takacs, 2003). Most pot-grown varieties need night temperatures of 13-14 ° C and day temperatures of 16-17 ° C during efflorescence (Zimmer, 1991). At 7-10 days after planting, tips should be carefully broken, leaving a number of 6-7 thick foliage per plant. When starting to bud, the lateral buds are removed, preserving the main bud (Toth, 2008). The purpose of my experiment is to study the effect of synthetic liquid fertilizers, those with a delayed effect on growth and inflorescence quality of chrysanthemums varieties grown in pots, multiflora (Dreamstar Uranus, Dreamstar Echo) from the Kientzler Company in Hungary ‘Solero’ and ‘Cocori’. The fertilizing solutions used in research: ‘Osmocote Exact Standard 3-4 M’, ‘Universol Yellow’, ‘Universol Green’ and Universol Violet’. Based on the results have concluded that in the current economic circumstances it is worth spending more on controlled-release synthetic fertilizers or on liquid fertilizers and, also found out which of these fertilizers are more efficient and are able to produce competitive plants on the market.