The Effect of Different Combinations of Surface Treatments and Bonding Agents on the Shear Bond Strength Between Titanium Alloy and Lithium Disilicate Glass-Ceramic

Abstract

In order to obtain a more-natural esthetic prothesis, the use of hybrid abutments is becoming widespread in implant dentistry. The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the effects of different surface treatments, as well as the effects of different combinations of surface treatments and cementation protocols, on the shear bond strength between titanium alloy disks and lithium disilicate glass-ceramics. Forty titanium-alloy disks (4 × 6.6 mm) were fabricated using computer-aided designed/computer-assisted manufacturing, and an identical number of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic disks of similar sizes were fabricated by a heat-pressing technique to be attached to the titanium disks. The specimens from each material group were divided into two groups (n = 20 each) according to the surface treatment type: alumina airborne-particle abrasion or etching with hydrofluoric acid. Each group was then divided into two subgroups (n = 10) depending on the resin-cement type: Multilink Hybrid Abutment Cement (Ivoclar Vivadent) or PANAVIA SA Cement Plus (Kuraray). After thermocycling (5,000 cycles), a shear bond strength (SBS) test was conducted using a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis was performed by analysis of one-way analysis of variance and unpaired tests (P < .05). Statistically, the highest SBS values were obtained using airborne-particle abrasion. The surface treatment of titanium alloys by sandblasting led to a higher SBS compared to etching with hydrofluoric acid. The cement type also had a significant influence on SBS results.