The Effect of Diabetes Self-Management Education on Glycemic Control in Minority Patients With Diabetes Mellitus.

Xiu Ying Au,Vinuta Mohan,Sneha Kola

doi:10.7759/cureus.16888

Xiu Ying Au, Vinuta Mohan + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.16888

Copy DOI

Journal: Cureus	Publication Date: Aug 4, 2021
Citations: 1	License type: cc-by

Affiliation: Saint Francis Medical Center

Abstract

BackgroundDiabetes self-management education (DSME) plays a vital role in diabetes control yet is highly underutilized, especially in the minority population. The efficacy of DSME on glycemic control among the Hispanic and non-Hispanic black population is not as well established as it is compared to the non-Hispanic White population.MethodologyIn this retrospective cohort study, patients who participated in both group and one-to-one DSME classes at Saint Francis Medical Center, Trenton, New Jersey, from 2017 to 2019 were identified. Mean hemoglobin A1c levels before DSME and after DSME were compared using paired t-test.ResultsA total of 344 patients were included in the study. Out of 344 patients, 200 (58%) patients were Hispanic and 97 (28%) were non-Hispanic black, 42 (12%) were Caucasian, and five (2%) were from other races. The mean hemoglobin A1c was reduced by an average of 1.08% among patients who participated in group DSME (DSME done in group settings) and by an average of 1.95% among patients who participated in one-to-one DSME (DSME done in individualized settings).Conclusion DSME is effective in reducing hemoglobin A1c levels in Hispanic and non-Hispanic black majority patients. One-to-one DSME is more effective than group DSME in reducing hemoglobin A1c in this patient population.

Highlights

Uncontrolled diabetes is related to multiple macrovascular and microvascular complications, which leads to a significant amount of healthcare cost
The mean hemoglobin A1c was reduced by an average of 1.08% among patients who participated in group Diabetes self-management education (DSME) (DSME done in group settings) and by an average of 1.95% among patients who participated in one-to-one DSME (DSME done in individualized settings)
When comparing group DSME versus one-to-one DSME, our study proved that one-to-one DSME resulted in at least an additional 0.87% reduction in mean hemoglobin A1c level

Summary

Introduction

Uncontrolled diabetes is related to multiple macrovascular and microvascular complications, which leads to a significant amount of healthcare cost. The estimated total economic cost of diagnosed diabetes in 2017was$327 billion [1]. Achievement of better glycemic control is essential in reducing the healthcare cost related to diabetes. Lack ofdiabetes self-management education (DSME)is identified as one of the main reasons for uncontrolled diabetes. DSME is the ongoing process of facilitating the knowledge, skill, and ability necessary for diabetes self-carein active collaboration with the health care team. Studies have found that DSME has a lowparticipation rate; only 55.3% of all people with diabetes have ever attended a DSME program in 2016 [2]. Diabetes self-management education (DSME) plays a vital role in diabetes control yet is highly underutilized, especially in the minority population. The efficacy of DSME on glycemic control among the Hispanic and non-Hispanic black population is not as well established as it is compared to the non-Hispanic White population

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion