Abstract
In this study, we discuss the effect of the manufacturing accuracy of a microperforated panel (MPP) produced by 3D printers on acoustic properties through measured and calculated results as a pilot study. The manufacturing costs of MPPs have long been one of their shortcomings; however, with recent developments in the manufacturing process, low-cost MPPs are now available. In a further attempt at reducing the cost, 3D printing techniques have recently been considered. Cases of trial production of MPPs manufactured by 3D printing have been reported. When introducing such new techniques, despite the conventional microdrill procedure, manufacturing accuracy can often become an issue. However, there are few studies reporting the effect of manufacturing accuracy on the acoustic properties in the case of 3D-printed MPPs. Considering this situation, in this pilot study, we attempted to produce MPPs with circular and rectangular perforations using a consumer 3D printer of the additive manufacturing type. The hole sizes of the specimens were measured, and the accuracy was evaluated. The normal incidence absorption coefficient and specific impedance were measured using an impedance tube. The measured results were compared with the theoretical values using Guo’s model. Through these basic studies, the MPPs produced by an additive manufacturing 3D printer demonstrated good sound absorption performance; however, due to the large deviations of parameters, the agreement with the theoretical values was not good, which suggests that it is difficult to predict the acoustic properties of MPPs made by a consumer-grade additive manufacturing 3D printer.
Highlights
The measured value shows its peak around 900 Hz, but the theoretical value has a peak at lower frequencies, which is one of the main discrepancies
This fact proves that reasonably high peak absorption can be obtained by microperforated panel (MPP) made by an additive manufacturing 3D printer, and they can be possibly used in practical purposes
The measured results were discussed in comparison with the theoretical values obtained by Guo’s model
Summary
Microperforated panels (MPPs) absorb sound energy, in principle, by the same mechanism as of a conventional perforated panel, which forms a Helmholtz resonator with the holes and the air-back cavity. MPPs have much smaller parameters, i.e., thickness and hole diameter are smaller than 1 mm and perforation ratio is less than 1%, so that acoustic resistance and reactance suitable for better sound absorption performance than conventional perforated panels is realized. Regarding the spread of this attractive sound absorbing material, the largest problem is the high-precision manufacturing technique and its cost. With the recent developments in manufacturing techniques, the cost problem is reduced [8,9,10]. The recent development of this emerging technique has been applied to more complex metamaterial panels by employing its flexible producibility, which can be considered as it goes into a stage
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