The Effect of Degree of Saturation of Sand on Detonation Phenomena Associated with Shallow-Buried and Ground-Laid Mines

M Grujicic,B Pandurangan,B.A Cheeseman

doi:10.1155/2006/652405

M Grujicic, B Pandurangan + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2006/652405

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Abstract

A new materials model for sand has been developed in order to include the effects of the degree of saturation and the deformation rate on the constitutive response of this material. The model is an extension of the original compaction materials model for sand in which these effects were neglected. The new materials model for sand is next used, within a non-linear-dynamics transient computational analysis, to study various phenomena associated with the explosion of shallow-buried and ground-laid mines. The computational results are compared with the corresponding experimental results obtained through the use of an instrumented horizontal mine-impulse pendulum, pressure transducers buried in sand and a post-detonation metrological study of the sand craters. The results obtained suggest that the modified compaction model for sand captures the essential features of the dynamic behavior of sand and accounts reasonably well for a variety of the experimental findings related to the detonation of shallow-buried or ground-laid mines.

Highlights

Detonation of the shallow-buried and ground-laid mines and the subsequent interactions of the resulting shock waves, detonation products and the soil ejecta with the surrounding media and structures involve numerous highly non-linear phenomena of a transient nature
A better understanding of the explosion phenomena is being gradually gained by combining physical experiments with numerical modeling techniques. This approach is utilized in the present work in which, for example, the experimental results associated with the explosion of shallow-buried and ground-laid C4 mines obtained through the use of an instrumented horizontal mine-impulse pendulum reported in Ref. [1] are compared with a detailed numerical modeling of the same physical problem using AUTODYN, a general purpose non-linear dynamics simulation software [2]
Based on the results obtained in the present work, the following main summary remarks and conclusions can be drawn: 1. Water residing in the pores and the rate of deformation play a critical role in the dynamic material response of sand

Summary

Introduction

Detonation of the shallow-buried and ground-laid mines and the subsequent interactions of the resulting shock waves, detonation products and the soil ejecta with the surrounding media and structures involve numerous highly non-linear phenomena of a transient nature. A better understanding of the explosion phenomena is being gradually gained by combining physical experiments with numerical modeling techniques This approach is utilized in the present work in which, for example, the experimental results associated with the explosion of shallow-buried and ground-laid C4 mines obtained through the use of an instrumented horizontal mine-impulse pendulum reported in Ref. A review of the literature reveals that the currently available materials model for sand suffers from either an inability to account for the rate-dependence of the material’s response in the case of the saturated sand [5] or contain a large number of parameters whose estimation via analytical/numerical analysis and /or experimental measurements is very difficult and cumbersome [6,7,8,9,10]

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