Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the optimum water use of the dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Such information is needed by planners and producers for the design of irrigation schemes to minimise yield reductions under water deficit conditions. Under the present experimental conditions, high grain yields were obtained by meeting the full water needs of the crop (1.94-2.43 Mg ha-1), by meeting 75% of their needs (1.92-2.40 Mg ha-1), or by irrigation throughout the growing season except during ripening (1.93-2.23 Mg ha-1). Grain yields were reduced when irrigation water was not provided during the flowering and yield formation periods, and did not increase significantly in such cases even if water had been supplied during the establishment, vegetative, and ripening periods. The yield response factors for the entire growing season, and for the vegetative, flowering, yield formation and ripening periods, were 1.28, 0.36, 0.84, 0.80, and 0.08 respectively. Thus, to achieve effective vegetative production in semiarid regions such as Isparta, irrigation is absolutely necessary. Under limited water conditions, a water deficit of 25-50% is tolerable throughout the growing season, or during the vegetative and ripening periods.
Highlights
The dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is planted over large areas and is very important as a source of human food
In 2003, nearly 19 million tonnes of dry beans were produced on 27 million hectares of land around the world; in Turkey, 250,000 tonnes were produced on some 155,000 ha (FAOSTAT, 2004)
Intensive agricultural activity take place outside the city where the climate is semiarid with an annual average precipitation of 524 mm
Summary
The dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is planted over large areas and is very important as a source of human food. In 2003, nearly 19 million tonnes of dry beans were produced on 27 million hectares of land around the world; in Turkey, 250,000 tonnes were produced on some 155,000 ha (FAOSTAT, 2004). Dry bean is grown over most of Turkey, but especially in the Black Sea and East Anatolia Regions (Anonymous, 2001). The province of Isparta, situated between the Aegean, Mediterranean and Central Anatolia, lies in one of the most important climatic transition regions of Turkey. Intensive agricultural activity take place outside the city where the climate is semiarid with an annual average precipitation of 524 mm. 30% of this rainfall falls between May and October (Anonymous, 2003)
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