Abstract
BackgroundSuccessful implantation of blastocysts is indeed an important path in mammalian reproduction that is governed by a complicated web of cytokines interactions. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and interleukin-11 (IL-11) part of the interleukin (IL)-6 groups are cytokines that are needed for effective implantation and prevent infertility symptoms. This study aimed to determine the expression level (LIF, IL-11) genes in patients with primary infertility related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), tubal factor infertility (TFI), and unexplained infertility (UI).ResultsIn this study, 75 infertility women and 40 controls were involved. The expressions of LIF and IL-11 genes were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction qRT–PCR Light Cycler in patients and healthy controls. PCOS, TFI, and UI groups showed promising results regarding LIF gene, which appeared at very small levels compared to the control (p < 0.0001). Regarding IL-11, the two groups TFI and UI were significantly linked to the lower level of gene expression, while the PCOS group has no significant difference when it is compared to the control group (p < 0.0001, < 0.05, 0.19), respectively.ConclusionThe current findings show that low levels of LIF and IL-11 gene expression are linked to various primary infertility conditions, including PCOS, tubal factor, and unexplained infertility since they play a fundamental role in embryo implantation.
Highlights
Successful implantation of blastocysts is an important path in mammalian reproduction that is governed by a complicated web of cytokines interactions
This work aimed to study the predictable pathophysiology of the cytokine, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and interleukin-11 (IL-11), in women suffering from primary infertility related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), tubal factor infertility (TFI), and unexplained infertility (UI)
A total of 75 patient women between 21 and 45 years of age had been examined by a gynecologist, and they were suffering from 2 to 7 years of primary infertility divided into three categories depending on the related case polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), tubal factor infertility (TFI), and unexplained infertility (UI). 25 women free from signs and symptoms of PCOS, tubal factor dependent on the medical criteria, clinically healthy, had a regular menstrual cycle, exhibited normal ovulation and without any infertility signs have involved as a control group
Summary
Successful implantation of blastocysts is an important path in mammalian reproduction that is governed by a complicated web of cytokines interactions. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and interleukin-11 (IL-11) part of the interleukin (IL)-6 groups are cytokines that are needed for effective implantation and prevent infertility symptoms. This study aimed to determine the expression level (LIF, IL-11) genes in patients with primary infertility related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), tubal factor infertility (TFI), and unexplained infertility (UI). LIF is related to the subsequent activities throughout implantation: the receptive condition of the endometrium, the connection between the embryo and the endometrium, stromal decidualization, trophoblast invasion, blastocyst development and growth, and uterine leukocyte infiltration, according to evidence [10]. This work aimed to study the predictable pathophysiology of the cytokine, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and interleukin-11 (IL-11), in women suffering from primary infertility related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), tubal factor infertility (TFI), and unexplained infertility (UI)
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