Abstract
Here, we show how the vascular channel configuration and its shape affect the mechanical strength which is simultaneously subjected to heating and mechanical load. The material properties were defined as functions of temperature. The effect of channel cross-section on the coolant mass flow rate, peak temperature and peak stresses are documented. The results show that the resistances to flow of stresses and fluid is minimum with the circular channels while the resistance to the heat flow is the smallest with semi-circular channels. In addition, morphing the vascular design provides almost the smallest resistance to the heat flow with circular channels (0.3% difference in the peak temperature). This shows that even the convective resistances are the smallest with circular-cross section, overall thermal resistance is smaller in semi-circular design for the fixed fluid volume. The peak stress is smaller with hybrid design than the parallel designs for the entire pressure drop range. In addition, the effects of mechanical load, heating rate and reference temperature on the stress distribution are also documented. Furthermore, the thermal and mechanical stresses are also documented separately, and then compared with the coupled solution cases. The chief result of this paper is that for a coupled system minimizing only one of the resistance terms is not sufficient, all the resistances considered simultaneously in order to uncover the best performing design. In coupled solutions, we documented the simulation results with temperature dependent material properties and the resistances to the heat and fluid flow is affected by the mechanical deformations. In addition, the results show that the designs should be free to vary, the unexpected designs can be the best performing designs for the given parameters and constraints. Therefore, the design parameters based on the experience does not always yield the best performing designs as the objectives and constraints vary.
Highlights
Advanced technologies require great volumetric cooling capacities due to the trend of miniaturization [1-2]
The effect of the channel cross-section and its location becomes important which provides smaller peak stress to the circular channels in comparison to the semi-circular ones as the pressure difference increases after 600 Pa. These tendency explains why the semi-circular parallel channel design corresponds to almost an L shaped curve for maximum von Mises stress. This result suggests the stress field is dominated by the thermal expansion until 100 Pa and it is dominated by the stress due to the mechanical load
The peak stress decreases as the peak temperature increases when the reference temperature is 323 K. These results show that the peak stress becomes the minimum when the peak temperature is slightly greater than the reference temperature (~7 K when the reference temperature is 303 K)
Summary
Advanced technologies require great volumetric cooling capacities due to the trend of miniaturization [1-. This result suggests the stress field is dominated by the thermal expansion until 100 Pa and it is dominated by the stress due to the mechanical load This is more dominant in the semi-circular parallel channels because they have greater diameter than the hybrid design due to the fixed fluid volume constraint. The displacement along the z direction of the center in x-y plane is maximum, and the displacement is minimum near the corners
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