The effect of coenzyme Q10 on age-related changes of the distal colon mucosa of male albino rats

Abstract

Introduction Aging is associated with a number of diverse effects on the colon leading to deterioration in its functions. The reactive oxygen species have been suggested as an important factor in aging. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a vitamin-like substance, endogenously synthesized inside the cell. It serves as an antioxidant. CoQ10 decreases gradually with aging. Aim of Work The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of CoQ10 in age-related histological changes of the distal colon of male albino rats. Materials and methods A total of 20 male albino rats were used in this study. The rats were divided into three groups: group I, group II, and group III. Group I comprised 10 rats aged 4±1 months, which served as the control group. Group II (the aged group) comprised five rats aged 18±1 months. Group III comprised five rats of similar age as that of group II and received CoQ10 daily through the intraperitoneal route at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight/day for 8 weeks. Specimens of the distal colon were excised and paraffin sections were prepared for histological and immunohistochemical staining. Results In aged rats (group II), the mucosa showed discontinuity and loss of surface epithelium with increased intraepithelial lymphocytes. There was significant decrease in the number of PAS-positive (periodic acid Schiff) goblet cells, with abnormal proliferation within the crypt. Intense immunopositive stain for tumor necrosis factor-α was detected in the mucosa. Extensive mononuclear cellular infiltration was eminent within the lamina propria. Significant increase in collagen fibers was detected in the lamina propria of the distal colon. In group III, the mucosa appeared intact with minimal cellular infiltration. PAS-positive goblet cells were nearly similar to those of controls. Immunopositive reaction for tumor necrosis factor-α was significantly decreased compared with group II. Significant decrease in collagen fiber content was seen in the lamina propria. Conclusion The administration of CoQ10 improved age-related histological changes that occurred in the distal colon of rats.