Abstract
There are more than 200 thousand pupils in Latvia. Most of them are still learning in non-renovated classrooms without proper mechanical ventilation. The classrooms are often ventilated only during the breaks by opening windows. This can lead to increased CO2 levels and reduced mental performance. To test how CO2 concentration in classrooms influences student attention level and their ability to perform mental tasks, the students had to complete a short test at the start and the end of the class. At the same time CO2 concentration, temperature and relative humidity were logged. In addition, an anonymous survey on how the pupils felt regarding the overall indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in the classroom, their thermal sensation, are they fatigued, any difficulty concentrating and if they have headaches during the lesson performed. The measurements were performed in a Secondary School in Daugavpils, Latvia. The analysis of results shows that existing 10 min breaks are not enough to fully ventilate the classroom, and they must be increased to at least 15 min. At the same time, 30 min breaks can be reduced to 20 min. The correlation between CO2 concentration and test results of pupils’ performance test results is noticeable but not definitive. It indicates that at increased CO2 levels the performance lowers—when the concentration of CO2 corresponds only to the Category 3 norm, the lowest results are achieved while the best results are when the CO2 concentration level corresponds to Category 1. To improve the study, observations of CO2 concentrations must be extended throughout the school year, as well as measurements in other classrooms in the school should be made.
Highlights
At the start of the year 2019, there were 707 educational institutions and 214,002 pupils in Latvia, according to information from the Ministry of Education and Science
It indicates that at increased CO2 levels the performance lowers—when the concentration of CO2 corresponds only to the Category 3 norm, the lowest results are achieved while the best results are when the CO2 concentration level corresponds to Category 1
The cause is not directly related to the CO2 concentration, but it can serve as an indicator of bad indoor air quality (IAQ) which can cause more illnesses between the pupils [28,29]
Summary
At the start of the year 2019, there were 707 educational institutions and 214,002 pupils in Latvia, according to information from the Ministry of Education and Science. Some of the schools have undergone renovation and implementation of central ventilation systems, existing studies [1,2] show the importance and improvements of renovation works This means that most of the students are still having classes in buildings without proper ventilation and with low indoor air quality (IAQ). In an existing study [13], the results on CO2 concentrations in classrooms in different countries (France, Portugal, Germany, Scotland and 10 other countries) were compiled and analyzed It demonstrates that CO2 levels in classrooms are affected by ventilation types. In Sweden [5], indoor air quality in newly built energy-efficient schools with mechanical ventilation were studied. The cause is not directly related to the CO2 concentration, but it can serve as an indicator of bad IAQ which can cause more illnesses between the pupils [28,29]
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