Abstract
Toxoplasmosis has zoonotic importance among human and domestic animals. It causes diseases in both man and animals through ingestion of oocysts that passed in faeces of cat or by ingestion of cysts in undercooked meat.The present study was designed to clarify the effect of Clindamycin (CLI) combined with Sulfadiazine (SD) on a murine model of acute toxoplasmosis. Albino Swiss mice were intraperitoneally infected with 103 tachyzoites of the RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii and were per orally treated with either drug alone (SD) or (CLI) or both combined. Starting with day 1 for 14 days. Survival was monitored during 8 weeks. Residual infection was assessed by a bioassay of representative 4-week survivors and by parasite DNA detection using PCR for representative 8-week survivors. An effect of treatment was shown in all treated groups compared to untreated control mice. Among mice infected with parasite, SD and CLI at any dose combination protected more animals. However, treatment with SD plus CLI at 25 plus 25, 25 plus 50, and 50 plus 50 mg/kg/day protected 25, 37, and 81% of mice, respectively, thus demonstrating a significant synergistic effect of SD and CLI against T. gondii especially in cases of acute infection.
Highlights
Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common & opportunistic parasite with zoonotic importance (Tenter et al, 2000)
We examined in vivo experimental model of acute toxoplasmosis whether the addition of SD to CLI would be beneficial for its anti-T. gondii effect and, if this combination is capable of eliminating the parasite, as suggested in the present work was planned to this study
To assess residual infection in mice treated by Clindamycin with sulfa, groups of two arbitrarily chosen survivors were sacrificed into two times: (First): 4 weeks post infection, for sub-inoculation of brains into fresh mice to attempt re- isolation of T. gondii, and (Second): 8 weeks post infection, for the detection of T. gondii DNA in brains and lungs by PCR
Summary
Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common & opportunistic parasite with zoonotic importance (Tenter et al, 2000). In addition to the well-established anti-T. gondii activity of CLI as a single agent in animal models of infection (Araujo and Remington 1974; Filice and Pomeroy 1991; McMaster et al, 1973; Vuković et al, 1997), doses of CLI that were ineffective when used alone was shown to afford protection in acute murine toxoplasmosis if combined with rifabutin (Araujo et al, 1994). We examined in vivo experimental model of acute toxoplasmosis whether the addition of SD to CLI would be beneficial for its anti-T. gondii effect and, if this combination is capable of eliminating the parasite, as suggested in the present work was planned to this study
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